2 Ekim 2012 Salı

HIV among Black Women

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At a recent conference on retroviruses, Dr. Hodder presented a study on the prevalence of HIV among American black women. In "HPTN 064 Women's HIV Seroincidence Study (ISIS)", it was found that among a study of 2,099 adult females (88% of whom were African-American), 0.24% of participants were HIV positive; this rate is 5 times higher than the rate predicted by the CDC for the general population of African-American women.

This study is getting a high amount of press because this infection rate is comparable to developing countries known for their burgeoning HIV rate - for instance, Congo at 0.28% and Kenya at 0.53% HIV-positivity.

Although the study focused on areas known to have high HIV rates and prevalent poverty, this is still a very concerning statistic for even a subpopulation. On the whole, 66% of new HIV infections among women in the US occur among African-American women, while only 14% of US women are actually African-American. This disparity is alarming and begs to be addressed by behavioral interventions. Hopefully the attention of the HIV-aware community can be directed toward black women just as intensely as it has been directed toward homosexual men in the past.

Article: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/242762.php

- Elena Higuchi

1 Ekim 2012 Pazartesi

Oral HPV Infection Strikes Men More Than Women

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By Alan Mozes
HealthDay Reporter
 
THURSDAY, Jan. 26 (HealthDay News) — Almost 7 percent of American men and women are infected orally with the human papillomavirus (HPV), new research reveals, with men showing significantly higher infection rates than women.
In fact, the study found that among those between the ages of 14 and 69, men seem to face a nearly threefold greater risk than women for oral HPV infection.

The authors noted that the gender gap grows even wider with respect to HPV-16, a strain that is responsible for the vast majority of HPV-related cases of oral cancer. Men are five times more likely to be infected with HPV-16 than are women, the study found.
The biggest risk factors for oral HPV infection include sex and tobacco use, the researchers say.
“Our data link oral HPV infection to the number of sex partners and to smoking,” said study author Dr. Maura Gillison, chair of cancer research in the department of viral oncology at Ohio State University’s Comprehensive Cancer Center in Columbus.
“This suggests that people might reduce their risk of infection by limiting the number of sex partners and not smoking cigarettes,” she added. “[However] at this point, we don’t know if consistent use of condoms or other barrier methods for oral sex will reduce oral HPV transmission.”
She added that smoking is thought to raise the odds of oral HPV infection via either its suppressive effects on the immune system or by damaging the mucosal lining of the mouth.
Gillison and her team report the findings in the Jan. 26 online issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. They are also scheduled to present the results Thursday at the Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium, in Phoenix.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noted that genital HPV infection remains the most common form of the sexually transmitted disease. To lower the associated risk for developing cervical cancer, the CDC recommends that girls between the ages of 11 and 26 take advantage of current HPV vaccines.
However, the current finding comes on the heels of a report published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology last October that showed a dramatic two-decade rise in the incidence of oral cancers attributed to HPV infection.
To better understand that connection, Gillison’s team sifted through data on nearly 5,600 men and women collected between 2009 and 2011 by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
All NHANES participants had been examined in person, during which all were tested for HPV.
The researchers found an overall oral HPV infection rate of 6.9 percent, with HPV-16 being the most common type.
Oral HPV incidence varied with age, however, with peak rates occurring among those between the ages of 30 and 34 (at 7.3 percent) as well as among men and women between 60 and 64 (11.4 percent).
Overall, oral HPV infection hit the 10 percent mark among men. Among women it was just shy of 4 percent.
While those with a history of smoking, heavy drinking, and/or marijuana use appeared to face a higher risk for infection, sexual behavior also plays a key role in upping a person’s risk.
For example, while those who had never had sex faced less than a 1 percent risk for oral HPV infection, prevalence hit 7.5 percent among those who were sexually active. And the greater the number of sexual partners, the higher the risk.
“[But] our findings are reassuring in one important sense,” noted Gillison. “Although we found that infection is common, the cancer itself is rare, which tells us that the majority of people who have oral HPV infection do not get cancer.”
Dr. Janice Dutcher, an oncologist at the Continuum Cancer Centers of St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital Center in New York City, said the results ring true.
“I think that this is real,” she said. “This is a virus that is clearly associated with cervical cancer as well as anal cancer. So the fact that there is also an association with oral cancer, and that the risk for transmission may be related to oral sex, is not surprising.”
In that case, should current vaccination recommendations regarding girls and cervical cancer be broadened to include both girls and boys?
“Absolutely,” said Dutcher. “It’s pretty straightforward, frankly. Of course, if this were something that wasn’t sexually transmitted it would be easier to accept. Given the taboos around sex in our society, it makes people very nervous. But clearly from a virological and medical perspective it makes perfect sense.”

More information
There’s more on HPV at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.




Source : http://news.health.com/2012/01/26/oral-hpv-infection-strikes-men-more-than-women-study

Cervical Cancers Rise In Young Women

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The incidence of cervical cancer in women in their 20s has risen by over 40 per cent between 1992 and 2006 in England, despite the overall incidence of cervical cancer dropping by 30 per cent, according to research* that will be presented at the annual National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Conference in Liverpool which starts tomorrow (Sunday).
The research – funded by Cancer Research UK – looked at overall trends in cervical cancer incidence in women aged between 20 and 79 years from 1982 to 2006.


The findings show that – after initially dropping following the introduction of cervical screening in England – the number of women aged between 20 and 29 diagnosed with cervical cancer is now rising in most areas of the country. Yet, for all other age groups, the number of women developing the disease has fallen over the same period.
Between 1992 and 1996 around five women aged 20-29 years in every 100,000 (963 cases, around 192 per year) were diagnosed with cervical cancer. This increased to around six per 100,000 between 2002 and 2006 (988 cases, around 197 per year).
Most women in the study would have been first invited for screening from the age of 20 and after 2003 women were invited from the age of 25**.
In comparison in women aged 50-79 years the incidence dropped from around 17 per 100,000 (6263 cases) between 1992 and 1996 to just over 10 per 100,000 (4089 cases) during 2002 and 2006.
And the latest figures for 2007 - 2008 show that the rising trend for 20 to 29 year olds is continuing with around nine women in every 100,000 (606 cases, 303 per year) now developing cervical cancer.
Cervical screening detects early changes in the cervix which can be treated before they progress into cancer.
Robert Alston, study author and Cancer Research UK scientist from the University of Manchester, said: “Our results show that although numbers getting cervical cancer are dropping in the immediate years after cervical screening began, the numbers of women in their 20s now developing the disease have been rising since the early 90s.”
Smoking is a known risk factor for cervical cancer as chemicals in cigarette smoke can damage cells in the cervix making them less able to fight off infections and protect against the disease developing.
Robert Alston, added: “Crucially our findings demonstrate the importance of the HPV vaccination programme and for as many women over 25 as possible to go for cervical screening.”
Hazel Nunn, head of evidence and health information at Cancer Research UK, said: “These figures show just how crucial it is for all 12-13 year-old girls to have the HPV vaccination. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a very common infection and the major cause of cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine protects against two strains of the infection and is most effective when given to women before they are exposed to the virus.
“The vaccine is available for no cost to all 12-13 year old girls and is usually given at school. Older women can pay to have the vaccine if they wish.
“Whatever your age, if you have any bleeding between periods, during sex or after the menopause, you should go to your GP.”



Source : http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/news/archive/pressrelease/2011-11-05-cervical-cancers-rise-in-young-women?view=rss

Condoms, most powerful way Prevent HIV / AIDS

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Top of Form
Ghiboo.com - Continue to increase the numbers of HIV makes the government cannot remain silent. Actually attack the HIV / AIDS can be prevented easily, bynot 'snack', faithful to partners and using condoms.
 
Initially, condoms are considered as a contraceptive to prevent pregnancy. Butnow, using condoms also indirectly forcing men to wear while having sex isrisky.
 
HIV in Indonesia has been 25 years since 1986. These prevention effortsshould always be facing many obstacles, one of them due to resistance to theIndonesian people themselves.According to Irwan Julianto, a senior journalist of many waterfalls in the areaof ​​HIV / AIDS,the problem of moral controversy is still a bottleneck in implementing condomuse campaign.
 
Actual condom use is internationally recognized as the most powerful way to stemthe spread of HIV through sex. But until now, many people who still accuse thecampaign the use of condoms as a means kondominasi, suspected condone adultery andfree sex.
 
"People need to be convinced that condoms have proven benefits to reduce therate of HIV transmission and should be viewed from the side of his role as ameans for public health that do not have to be contrasted with religious norms andnational laws," he explained.
 
In addition to emphasizing the importance of condom use, knowledge of thecommunity regarding the spread of HIV / AIDS also need to be supplemented, especiallyin remote, border and prisons.
 
"Only 0.05 percent of the Indonesian people who choose to use contraceptionin the form of condoms. It shows low awareness of men towards understanding thespread of HIV / AIDS," added Dr. Nafsiah Mboi.


Source : http://id.she.yahoo.com/kondom-cara-terampuh-cegah-hiv-aids-143612783.html

USG Can Kill Sperma ?

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  Ghiboo.com - condoms and vasectomy is considered to be 'soyesterday'. The scientists are now working to find new ways to control the fertilityof men to control pregnancy.

Ultrasonography (USG) is often used by doctors to determine the development ofthe fetus inside the womb. Now, recent research in animals show an ultrasound devicecan be used as a new tool for men konstrasepsi.

 
Researchers from the Department of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine at the Universityof North Caroline uses ultrasound tested by mice that are thought to kill spermand make men become infertile.

The team of researchers led by James Tsuruta, do some research and found, by usinghigh frequency ultrasound (3MHz) around the testes for 15 minutes, can reducethe most amount of sperm produced in the body.

Researchers added the result will be more effective if done within two daysapart and use a warm salt water.

In humans, researchers categorize the man is considered infertile if the amountis less than 15 million sperm per milliliter.

Although the findings published in the journal Reproductive Endocrinology Biolgyand is considered a good idea, but researchers still need to investigate whetherthere are effects due to therapy is carried out repeatedly.

"Further research is needed to determine how long the contraceptive effectlasts and whether it is safe to be used several times," said leadresearcher, Dr James Tsuruta of the University of North Carolina, was quoted byDailymail, Thursday (2/1).



Source : http://id.she.yahoo.com/usg-bakal-menggantikan-kondom-040816139.html

Tough Guard Condoms Not Prevent HIV / AIDS

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TRIBUNNEWS.COM - Condoms are not a strong protectiveequipment to prevent the transmission of "human immunodeficiencyvirus" (HIV) and "acquired immune deficiency syndrome" (AIDS).

This was proven by the increasing number of number of people with the deadlyvirus, said Misnaini, head of the Field of Family Planning Family PlanningAgency, Empowerment of Women and Child Protection (BKBP3A) Dumai City, Florida,on Friday.
  
According to him, saying, HIV / AIDS is a disease of behavior or "lifestyle".

"Therefore, to prevent its spread would not be effective if the only typeof contraception rely on condoms. Best efforts to address HIV / AIDS iscreating a healthy environment," he said, explaining.

Misnain explained, the use of a condom does not guarantee one hundred percentsafe users of the transmission of the disease incurable.

"Condoms only reduce the risk of transmission, but did not rule out thepossibility if komdom also be compromised by a deadly virus," he said.

From the research, he said, was the security level of condom is only about 70to 74 percent.
  
"For users of condoms, you should also pick and choose condoms that willbe used to get in touch. This is important, because condoms also have thedurability or obsolescence," he said.

Based on the data summarized BKBP3A Dumai, more than 200 thousand populationDumai City, 921 people registered as single men turned out to be true condomusers. These numbers tend to be stable and not experiencing a significantincrease each year.

Chief Medical Officer of the City Dumai, H Marjoko Santoso, explained that thecondom does not guarantee one hundred percent of its users to not havecontracted HIV / AIDS.

Nevertheless, according to him, does not mean the use of condoms in sexualintercourse does not provide benefits for its users.

"Like a helmet, the rider will not be one hundred percent safe in case ofaccidents. However, at least, using the helmet, reducing the risk of accidentswhile driving," he said.

AIDS Protection Commission (KPA) Dumai City this year to spread at least 43outlets (outlets) of condoms in some locations considered at risk of beinginfected with the deadly disease HIV / AIDS.

The spread of condom outlets do because people with HIV / AIDS in Dumaigrowing. This year, KPA detect as few as there are 128 people with at Dumai,where 38 of them have entered the AIDS status.



Source : http://id.she.yahoo.com/kondom-bukan-pelindung-tangguh-cegah-hiv-aids-041408156.html

30 Eylül 2012 Pazar

Suryati Five Year Encroached Cista Ovary

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Tribune reporterreports Pontianak, Slamet Santoso Bowo


TRIBUNNEWS.COM, SINTANG - Suryati (32) of patients with ovarian cista (cistaovary-red) which are currently being treated in the maternity ward III class Ahospitals Ade M Djoen Sintang people need a helping hand.

The grant will be used to meet operating expenses and the drugs, since thefamily came from poor families.

Suryati is the wife of Ari Isnandar (38) Mangau Hamlet, Village Nanga Toran,Kayan Hulu Subdistrict Sintang District, West Kalimantan cista ovarian diseasesince the last five years, after giving birth to her youngest child about theyear 2005.

When this swelling of the stomach Suryati already crock, and cause the leg andbadanya looked very small.

When the Tribune confirmed in the delivery room class III A hospitals Ade MDjoen Sintang, Sunday (1/29/2012) Suryati husband claimed his wife was resignedto the condition. With still hoping there are people who care and are willingto lend a generous hand to cure his beloved wife, considering her family belongto families.

"I surrender to Allah SWT with this condition, hopefully there are peoplewho care about the condition of my wife and family. Everyday that I work asrubber farmers with an average income of less than Rp 100 thousand, from theUnited Kingdom and in Sintang I've not worked "said Ari Isnandar.

During five years of suffering from diseases such ovaries Cista, Ari admittedthat he had hurt his wife's attempts to order can be cured, including referringthem to hospitals Soedarso Pontianak. Only information necessary for operatingcosts reached USD 50 million, so that he could not confess.

"If I had that much money, maybe I do not need to bring my wife here andthere because it can be directly carried out the operation. So far in ourrecovery efforts rely more on traditional means just that there is no progress.From the medical side also never explains what drugs should be taken in orderto heal my wife, "he said.

While Suryati claimed not to feel disturbed by the disease they experienced thelast five years. He said over the past five years can still indulge as usual,only the condition of the stomach is getting bigger which makes it feel heavyand a little annoyed when the activity.

"Thank God it is not too disturbing their daily activities, I can stillcook and others. Only it's hard to bring this growing belly, when to eat, peeand so did not bother him at all the same as when they are pregnant, "hesaid.

For people who terketuk Suryati his heart to help the family can contact himwith the number 082 159 972 748 Hp. Or come to class IIIa Hospital deliveryroom Ade M Djoen Sintang.

Hospital director Dr. Ade M Djoen Sintang Sidiq Handanu Widoyono Suryati ensurethe illness is a kind of tumor that attacks the ovaries. And better known bythe name Cista ovary, medical treatment for his ministry has planned surgicalremoval of the fluid in the stomach is expected to be held week beginningFebruary 2012.

"We've formed a team of doctors who will perform the operation against thedisease experienced by these patients Suryati. The team consisted of doctorsobstetrician, surgeon and physician anesthesia. Currently we are conducting thedata collection needed any medication for the operations phase, so all wentwell, "he said.

For operating costs that will be implemented by the Hospital Ade M DjoenSintang, Handanu say will be using the Regional Health Insurance (Jamkesda).

Given the patient has been admitted to hospitals but returned toPontianak Soedarso Sintang, meaning that there should be a maximum effort fromthe Hospital Ade M Djoen Sintang to deal with such patients.



Source : http://id.berita.yahoo.com/suryati-lima-tahun-digerogoti-cista-ovarium-130557994.html